# What are the most prominent risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD)? Canonical page: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/ma-hiya-abraz-awamil-al-khatar-li-marad-al-sharaiin-al-tarafiyah Language: en Category: cardiology Publisher: ClinicsJo Published: 2026-09-13T17:52:53.570Z Content updated: 2026-09-13T17:52:53.570Z Translation (ar): https://clinicsjo.com/ar/faq/ma-hiya-abraz-awamil-al-khatar-li-marad-al-sharaiin-al-tarafiyah The most prominent risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD) include smoking, which is considered the primary factor, in addition to advancing age and the presence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, high cholesterol, and hypertension (high blood pressure). Cardiovascular disease and stroke also increase the likelihood of developing PAD. This condition occurs as a result of the accumulation of fatty plaques in the arteries that supply the limbs, particularly the legs, which reduces blood flow. ## Smoking and its Relationship to Peripheral Artery Disease Smoking is the most significant and influential risk factor in the development of PAD. The chemicals in tobacco damage blood vessel walls and accelerate the process of atherosclerosis, a condition where fatty plaques made of lipids and cholesterol accumulate on the artery walls. This accumulation leads to narrowing or blockage of the arteries, reducing or stopping blood flow, typically to the legs. Quitting smoking is a crucial step in reducing the risk of developing or worsening the disease. ## Chronic Diseases and Metabolic Risk Factors Several chronic diseases contribute to an increased risk of PAD. Diabetes is one such condition, as it can lead to blood vessel damage over time. Similarly, high cholesterol plays a central role, as excess cholesterol contributes to the formation of fatty plaques that block arteries [\[1\]](). Hypertension is another risk factor, as it increases the pressure on arterial walls, making them more susceptible to damage and plaque accumulation. Managing these chronic conditions effectively through medication and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of PAD. ## Age and Health History The risk of PAD increases with age. Older individuals are more prone to developing atherosclerosis. Additionally, if you have a history of heart disease or stroke, this increases the likelihood of having PAD [\[1\]](). This correlation exists because the atherosclerosis affecting peripheral arteries often also affects arteries in the heart and brain, thereby raising the risk of heart attack or stroke [\[3\]](). Therefore, early diagnosis and management of PAD can help reduce the risk of serious complications. ## The Importance of Screening and Early Diagnosis Because many people with PAD do not show any symptoms, or symptoms may be mild, it is important to pay attention to risk factors. If you are a smoker or have high blood pressure or any other risk factors, even without symptoms, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider for necessary screening [\[3\]](). Diagnosis can include a physical examination and imaging tests, such as the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) or Doppler ultrasound [\[1\]](). Early diagnosis and effective management of PAD can treat symptoms and reduce the risk of serious complications. For more information on peripheral artery disease, you can visit the page [Peripheral Artery Disease: Leg Pain During Walking and its Relationship to Heart Health and Diabetes (Arabic)](). ## Medical references - [Peripheral Arterial Disease]() - [Peripheral Artery Disease - What Is Peripheral Artery Disease? | NHLBI, NIH]() General health education; not a substitute for individualized clinical assessment. Citation URL: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/ma-hiya-abraz-awamil-al-khatar-li-marad-al-sharaiin-al-tarafiyah#answer