# What are the signs of protein deficiency in the body?

Canonical page: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body
Language: en
Category: nutrition
Publisher: ClinicsJo
Published: 2026-09-13T08:09:51.457Z
Content updated: 2026-09-13T08:09:51.457Z
Translation (ar): https://clinicsjo.com/ar/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body

Protein is essential for every cell in the body; the body needs it to build and maintain bones, muscles, and skin. The body cannot store protein in the same way it stores fat or carbohydrates, so it is important to get an adequate amount daily through your diet [\[1\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S1>).

Protein deficiency in the diet can lead to a condition called kwashiorkor, which is a form of malnutrition. Although it is rare in some countries like the United States, it can occur in areas experiencing famine or shortages of food supplies [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>).

## Signs and Symptoms of Protein Deficiency

There are many signs of protein deficiency in the body, including the following [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>):

- **Changes in skin and hair pigmentation:** A person may notice changes in skin color or hair texture.

- **Swelling (edema):** General body swelling may appear, especially in the abdomen, causing it to appear bloated.

- **Loss of muscle mass:** Muscle size decreases significantly.

- **Diarrhea:** A person may experience recurrent episodes of diarrhea.

- **Failure to grow and gain weight:** In children, they may fail to grow and gain weight normally.

- **Fatigue and lethargy:** Constant feelings of exhaustion and low energy.

- **Increased risk of infection:** A weakened immune system makes the body more susceptible to injuries and severe infections.

- **Irritability or apathy:** A person may show signs of irritability or indifference.

- **Skin rash (dermatitis):** The appearance of a rash on the body.

## When Should You Seek Medical Help?

If you notice any of these symptoms, especially in children, it is important to consult a doctor to evaluate the condition and determine if there is a protein deficiency or any other health issue [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>). Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid potential complications.

## Diagnosis and Treatment

A doctor may perform a physical examination, which may reveal an enlarged liver and general body swelling. Laboratory tests can include measuring total protein levels in the blood, as well as other tests such as arterial blood gases, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), complete blood count (CBC), creatinine clearance, serum potassium, and urinalysis [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>).

Treatment aims to increase calories and protein in the diet. Calories are introduced first through carbohydrates, simple sugars, and fats, followed by the introduction of proteins after other energy sources are provided. Vitamin and mineral supplements may be administered. Food must be reintroduced slowly to avoid problems, especially since many children with malnutrition may develop lactose intolerance [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>).

## Potential Complications and Prevention

If protein deficiency is not treated in its later stages, it can lead to serious complications such as coma, permanent intellectual and physical disability, or even death. In cases of shock, emergency treatment must be provided immediately to restore blood volume and maintain blood pressure [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>).

To prevent protein deficiency, ensure your diet contains adequate amounts of carbohydrates and fats (at least 10% of total calories) and protein (12% of total calories) [\[2\]](<https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-are-the-signs-of-protein-deficiency-in-the-body#source-S2>). For additional information on protein requirements and how they change with age, physical activity, and kidney conditions, you can visit [Protein Needs: How do they change with age, physical activity, and kidney conditions? (Arabic)](<https://clinicsjo.com/ar/articles/protein-needs-age-exercise-kidney-disease>).

## Medical references

- [Dietary Proteins](<https://medlineplus.gov/dietaryproteins.html>)

- [Kwashiorkor](<https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001604.htm>)

General health education; not a substitute for individualized clinical assessment.

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