# What is a brain concussion? Canonical page: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-is-brain-concussion Language: en Category: neurology Publisher: ClinicsJo Published: 2026-09-13T08:09:51.288Z Content updated: 2026-09-13T08:09:51.288Z Translation (ar): https://clinicsjo.com/ar/faq/what-is-brain-concussion A brain concussion is defined as a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by a direct blow to the head, or a blow to the body that causes the head and brain to move violently and rapidly back and forth inside the skull [\[1\]](). This sudden, forceful movement may cause the brain to impact the skull walls or twist, which triggers complex chemical changes within brain tissues and, in some cases, may cause stretching or damage to the brain cells themselves [\[2\]](). Although many describe it as a "mild injury," it is a medical condition that requires serious attention because it affects vital neurological functions. ## Functional Impacts and Symptoms of Injury The chemical and physical changes associated with a concussion affect an individual's ability to think, learn, feel, behave, and sleep [\[2\]](). Symptoms may not appear immediately after the injury; they may be delayed for several days or weeks, making careful observation of the injured person of paramount importance. Common symptoms include headache or neck pain, nausea, dizziness, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), fatigue, or confusion and mental disorientation [\[1\]](). It is essential to note that symptoms can sometimes be subtle, such as changes in sleep patterns or eye strain, especially in children and adolescents [\[3\]](). ## Causes of Concussion A concussion results from any activity that causes a strong, sudden impact to the head or body. Common causes include the following: - Sudden falls. - Sports injuries resulting from collisions between players or impact with the ground or equipment. - Car accidents that cause violent head movement. - Direct blows to the head or face. - Violent shaking of the body [\[1\]](). ## Importance of Medical Intervention and Recovery If you suspect a concussion has occurred, obtaining specialized medical consultation is a crucial step, especially for children and adolescents, as studies have shown that receiving medical care within the first seven days after injury contributes significantly to improving the recovery path for this age group [\[3\]](). A doctor will perform a neurological exam to assess balance, coordination, vision, and reflexes, and may request additional tests such as a CT scan or MRI to rule out bleeding or skull fractures [\[1\]](). For more guidance on steps to return to daily activities, please review the [Guide to Safe Return to Study and Sports After a Brain Concussion (Arabic)](). ## When Is the Injury an Emergency? Emergency medical care must be sought immediately if warning signs appear that may indicate a more complex injury, including: loss of consciousness, repeated vomiting, seizures, slurred speech, severe confusion, a headache that worsens and does not respond to painkillers, or persistent weakness and numbness [\[1\]](). Complete rest is initially necessary to allow the brain to heal, avoiding strenuous physical or mental activities that may exacerbate symptoms until a doctor permits a gradual return to activity [\[1\]](). ## Medical references - [Concussion]() - [Concussion Basics]() - [5 things parents should know about concussions]() General health education; not a substitute for individualized clinical assessment. Citation URL: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-is-brain-concussion#answer