# What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)? Canonical page: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-is-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos Language: en Category: womens_health Publisher: ClinicsJo Published: 2026-09-13T08:09:52.657Z Content updated: 2026-09-13T08:09:52.657Z Translation (ar): https://clinicsjo.com/ar/faq/what-is-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), sometimes referred to as polycystic ovary disease, is a hormonal disorder that affects ovarian function and several other body systems. It is considered one of the most common causes of infertility associated with anovulation (lack of ovulation) [\[3\]](), where many individuals may not realize they have the condition until they encounter difficulties trying to conceive [\[3\]](). The syndrome is characterized by a set of features that may include hormonal imbalances, metabolic disturbances, and changes in reproductive health [\[3\]](). ## How is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome diagnosed? There is no single medical test that can diagnose PCOS on its own [\[1\]](). Instead, doctors rely on excluding other conditions and using evaluation criteria that include the patient's medical history, a physical examination to detect clinical signs, and pelvic exams [\[1\]](). A doctor may order an ultrasound to examine the ovaries and determine the thickness of the uterine lining, in addition to blood tests to measure hormone levels [\[1\]](). In some cases, the Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) test is used to assess ovarian reserve; while high levels of this hormone may suggest the possibility of the syndrome, its use remains part of a comprehensive diagnostic workup and is not sufficient for diagnosis by itself [\[2\]](). ## Characteristic symptoms and signs A diagnosis is often confirmed if the individual meets at least two of the following three main criteria: absence or irregularity of ovulation, elevated levels of androgens (male hormones) or related clinical signs, and the presence of visible ovarian cysts on imaging [\[1\]](). However, some patients can be diagnosed without the presence of visible cysts on the ovaries [\[3\]](). Symptoms associated with this condition may include: - Irregular or absent menstrual cycles due to the infrequent release of eggs [\[1\]](). - Excessive hair growth on the face, chest, abdomen, or thighs (hirsutism) [\[1\]](). - Severe acne or oily skin [\[1\]](). - Weight gain or difficulty losing weight, sometimes accompanied by thick, dark skin patches [\[1\]](). ## Condition management and treatment Although there is no cure for PCOS, the symptoms are highly manageable through personalized treatment plans [\[1\]](). Therapeutic strategies include lifestyle modifications, such as following a balanced diet and maintaining regular physical activity to help reduce risks associated with the condition [\[1\]](). Medication options can also be discussed with a doctor, such as hormonal contraceptives to regulate the cycle, or medications that help improve insulin sensitivity or reduce androgen levels [\[1\]](). For more details on available options, you can read [Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Comprehensive Treatment Plan (Arabic)](). Note: Always consult a healthcare provider when noticing symptoms such as absent menstrual periods, sudden changes in weight, or unusual hair growth, to ensure an accurate diagnosis and receive appropriate care. ## Medical references - [Polycystic Ovary Syndrome]() - [Anti-Müllerian Hormone Test]() - [About Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)]() General health education; not a substitute for individualized clinical assessment. Citation URL: https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-is-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos#answer