When is a child’s fever serious, and when is emergency care needed?
The temperature alone does not determine illness severity; age, breathing, alertness, drinking and rash also matter. A temperature of 38°C or higher in a baby under three months requires urgent assessment. Breathing difficulty, difficulty waking or a non-blanching rash are emergency signs.
Details
Start with age and overall condition
A baby aged three to six months with a temperature of 39°C or higher also needs urgent assessment. Do not wait for a specific number if the child is deteriorating. Neck stiffness, a first seizure or abnormal colour during illness requires emergency care.
Care at home when appropriate
Offer fluids and breastfeeds and monitor urine and activity. Use a suitable fever medicine for discomfort according to product directions, and do not give aspirin. Avoid cold sponging or alcohol rubs. Combine or alternate medicines only with professional advice.
Improvement is more than a lower number
A response to fever medicine does not rule out serious infection. Seek review for fever lasting five days or longer, reduced drinking or urine, or new symptoms. With immunosuppression or chronic illness, follow the child’s care plan and seek help earlier.
Related reading: How can I recognise dehydration in my child and know when to seek help?.