How do I give seizure first aid, and when should I call an ambulance?
Protect the head, clear nearby hazards and time the seizure. Do not restrain the person or put anything in their mouth. Call emergency services at five minutes, for repeated seizures without recovery, breathing difficulty or injury, and for a first seizure.
Details
During convulsions
Stay nearby, cushion the head when possible and loosen tight clothing around the neck. Do not try to stop the movements or force the jaws open. Move the person only to escape immediate danger, such as traffic or water.
When movements stop
Gently place the person on their side if breathing, and monitor breathing and recovery. Do not offer water, food or tablets until they are fully alert and can swallow safely. If breathing is not normal, follow emergency instructions and begin resuscitation according to your training and the dispatcher’s guidance.
Other emergencies
Call for help if the seizure occurs in water or during pregnancy, or normal recovery does not occur. Known epilepsy may have a written care plan. Rescue medicine should only be given according to that plan by someone trained to use it.
Related reading: Does epilepsy prevent marriage or having children, and how should pregnancy be planned?.