Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

Headache and fatigue may resemble an ordinary illness. Several people becoming unwell in one location or improving outside raises concern; smell cannot detect the gas.

Related reading: Heatstroke as a different cause of altered consciousness.

Headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness and confusion may progress to chest pain, breathlessness or unconsciousness. Sleeping people may be exposed dangerously without clear warning.

Faulty heaters, boilers, generators, charcoal or vehicle exhaust can cause buildup in poorly ventilated spaces. An open window does not make indoor generator or charcoal use safe.

Pregnant people, fetuses, infants, older adults and those with heart, respiratory disease or anemia are especially vulnerable. Sufficient exposure can poison anyone.

Assessment considers exposure and blood carboxyhemoglobin with cardiac and neurological evaluation. A normal-looking reading on a standard fingertip oxygen monitor does not exclude poisoning.

Move into fresh air without entering a hazardous space to rescue someone, and obtain medical help. Hospital oxygen is given; hyperbaric oxygen is considered for selected cases, including some pregnancies.

Heart or brain injury and death can occur. Memory, concentration or walking problems may appear after initial recovery; attend follow-up and report new neurological symptoms.

Install carbon monoxide alarms and maintain combustion appliances and ventilation professionally. Run generators outside away from openings; never burn charcoal or use camping stoves indoors.