Do spicy foods or stress cause stomach and duodenal ulcers?

Spicy foods or stress do not directly cause stomach or duodenal ulcers. However, they may exacerbate symptoms in people who already have an ulcer [2].

Main Causes of Stomach and Duodenal Ulcers

Stomach or duodenal ulcers occur when the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine (the duodenum) is damaged by digestive acids. There are two primary causes for these ulcers:

• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection: This bacterium is the most common cause of stomach and duodenal ulcers [2].
• Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen; frequent use of these medications can lead to ulcers [2].

The risk of developing ulcers is higher in older adults, those with a previous history of ulcers, and smokers [3].

The Role of Spicy Foods and Stress

Although spicy foods and stress do not cause ulcers, they may increase the severity of pain and discomfort in those affected [2]. Therefore, it may be advisable to avoid foods that increase symptoms and to manage stress levels as part of an ulcer management plan.

Symptoms of Stomach and Duodenal Ulcers

The most common symptom is a burning pain in the stomach. This pain often begins between meals or during the night, subsides briefly when eating or taking antacids, may last for minutes or hours, and appears and disappears over several days or weeks [2]. It is important not to ignore these symptoms and to seek medical advice.

Diagnosis and Treatment

To diagnose stomach and duodenal ulcers, the doctor may perform tests to detect H. pylori bacteria in the blood, breath, or stool [2]. Diagnosis may also include an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or an X-ray after drinking barium [2] [1]. If left untreated, an ulcer can worsen and lead to serious complications such as bleeding or perforation [3].

Treatment usually includes medication to reduce stomach acidity or antibiotics to eradicate H. pylori if present [2]. It is important to consult a physician to determine the appropriate treatment plan. You can learn more about the symptoms, causes, and prevention of stomach and duodenal ulcers by visiting Stomach and Duodenal Ulcers: Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention (Arabic).

When to Seek Emergency Help?

If you experience severe symptoms such as vomiting blood, black tarry stools, sudden and sharp abdominal pain, or fainting, these may be signs of serious ulcer complications such as bleeding or perforation [3]. In these cases, you must seek emergency medical attention immediately.

Medical references

• Peptic Ulcer
• Barium Swallow
• Definition & Facts for Peptic Ulcers (Stomach or Duodenal Ulcers)