What are the factors and risks that increase the chance of developing compulsive gambling?

Factors that increase the likelihood of developing compulsive gambling (gambling disorder) vary among individuals, as there is no single exact cause; rather, it is a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental circumstances. This disorder often begins in early adolescence for men, while it tends to appear at a later age, between 20 and 40, for women [3]. An affected individual suffers from an inability to resist the urge to gamble, a condition similar in nature to the brain effects of drug or alcohol addiction [3].

Psychological Factors and Life Stressors

Certain psychological conditions and life stressors can increase the risk of compulsive gambling. For instance, stressful situations can exacerbate gambling problems [3]. Some individuals may turn to gambling as a way to escape problems or feelings of sadness and anxiety [3]. It is important to note that depression and anxiety may be complications of compulsive gambling, rather than necessarily causal factors [3].

Environmental Influences and Exposure to Gambling

Direct exposure to gambling environments is a significant factor; the more an individual is exposed to gambling, the higher the risk that casual practice will turn into a compulsive habit that cannot be stopped [3]. Therefore, limiting exposure to these environments is a key preventative strategy for people with a predisposition. Early intervention upon noticing any signs of loss of control over time or money invested in gambling may prevent the disorder from worsening into a chronic problem that threatens an individual's financial and family stability [3].

How to Assess Risks and Seek Help

Compulsive gambling is diagnosed through a careful psychological and clinical history assessment, as there are validated screening tools that help determine whether a person is suffering from this disorder [3]. It is crucial to acknowledge the problem, which represents the first and most difficult step in treatment, as those affected often tend to deny or hide their suffering from others [3]. If you feel that you or someone close to you is showing signs of addiction, you can start by consulting a primary care physician, who has the capability to perform an initial screening and refer you to a specialized mental health professional [1].

Emergency Risks and the Need for Intervention

Risks resulting from lack of treatment include financial, legal, and social problems, and may lead to job loss or the loss of relationships [3]. Severe psychological stress resulting from repeated losses can also lead to medical conditions such as heart attacks or suicidal ideation [3]. In the event that thoughts of self-harm occur or there is imminent danger, do not delay—go immediately to the nearest emergency department or call local crisis hotlines [1]. To learn more about this topic, you can review our detailed article on Compulsive Gambling: Signs of Addiction, Impacts, and Treatment Options (Arabic).

Medical references

• Help for Mental Illnesses
• Compulsive gambling