Is hidradenitis suppurativa contagious?

No, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is not contagious. It is a chronic skin condition that cannot be transmitted from person to person through direct contact or any other method of infection. The misconception that it is contagious can lead to social stigma for those affected, but it is important to emphasize that it poses no risk of infection to others [1].

Hidradenitis suppurativa, also known as "acne inversa," is a condition characterized by the appearance of painful, boil-like lumps under the skin. These lumps develop, become inflamed and painful, and often rupture, discharging fluid and pus. As these abscesses heal, they can leave scarring on the skin [1].

What causes hidradenitis suppurativa?

The lumps in hidradenitis suppurativa form due to blocked hair follicles. The blocked follicles trap bacteria, leading to inflammation and rupture. In most cases, the cause of these blockages is unknown [1]. However, it is believed that a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors plays a role in the development of the disease [3].

It is important to note that poor hygiene does not cause hidradenitis suppurativa [1]. Furthermore, the use of deodorants and antiperspirants or shaving is not associated with the onset of this condition [2].

Factors that increase the risk of developing HS

Hidradenitis suppurativa typically begins after puberty, often in the teenage years or twenties. It is more common among women, people of African descent, and individuals with a family history of the condition. People who are overweight or obese and those who smoke are also more likely to develop it [1]. Studies indicate that approximately one-third of people with hidradenitis suppurativa have a relative with the condition [3].

Where do symptoms usually appear?

Hidradenitis suppurativa tends to appear in areas where skin rubs against skin, such as the armpits and groin [1]. Lesions can also appear around the anus, on the buttocks or upper thighs, or under the breasts. In some cases, other areas such as the back of the neck, waistline, and inner thighs may be affected [2].

The severity of the disease can range from mild, with one or a few lumps in one area of the skin, to severe, with widespread lumps, scarring, and chronic pain that may make movement difficult. In severe cases, lesions can develop into large, interconnected tunnels under the skin [1].

For more information about this condition, you can visit our comprehensive article on Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Painful and Recurrent Lumps in the Armpits and Skin Folds (Arabic).

Living with hidradenitis suppurativa and next steps

Although there is no cure for hidradenitis suppurativa, treatments focus on managing symptoms and may include medications (such as steroids, antibiotics, pain relievers, and anti-inflammatory drugs) or surgical procedures to remove lumps and scar tissue [1].

To improve quality of life and cope with the disease, it is advisable to follow certain guidelines:

• Wear loose-fitting clothing to avoid skin irritation [1].
• Maintain a healthy weight [1].
• Quit smoking, as smoking increases the risk of the disorder and the severity of symptoms [2].
• Avoid heat and humidity [1].
• Take care to avoid skin injury [1].

If you have symptoms suggesting hidradenitis suppurativa, it is important to consult a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan. Dealing with the disease can lead to psychological difficulties, and those affected may be at risk for depression and anxiety [1].

Medical references

• Hidradenitis Suppurativa
• Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)
• Hidradenitis suppurativa