What are the safe and beneficial physical activities for patients with ankylosing spondylitis?

Regular and safe physical activities can help patients with ankylosing spondylitis alleviate pain and stiffness, maintain the flexibility of the spine and other joints, and improve overall body posture [1]. Recommended activities include aerobic exercises, flexibility exercises, and muscle-strengthening exercises. It is essential to consult a physician or a physical therapist before starting any exercise program to determine appropriate activities and avoid exacerbating symptoms [4].

The Importance of Physical Activity in Managing Ankylosing Spondylitis

Physical activity is a fundamental part of the treatment plan for ankylosing spondylitis, as it helps in managing symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. Exercise can reduce pain and stiffness, improve the range of motion in joints, and strengthen the muscles surrounding the spine, which supports good posture and reduces the risk of hunching [1]. It also contributes to improving overall physical fitness and reducing fatigue, which is a common symptom among those with ankylosing spondylitis [3].

Types of Recommended Physical Activities

There are several types of physical activities that can be beneficial and safe for patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and a combination of sports exercises and physical therapy is often recommended [4]:

• Aerobic Exercises: These exercises help improve heart and lung health. They may include swimming or exercising in water (hydrotherapy), where the buoyancy of water helps facilitate movement and support the body, thereby reducing pressure on the joints [4].
• Flexibility and Stretching Exercises: These exercises aim to maintain the flexibility of the spine and other joints. They can help improve posture and the range of motion of the spine [4].
• Muscle-Strengthening Exercises: Muscle-strengthening exercises contribute to supporting the spine and improving posture [2]. A physical therapist can provide an individualized exercise program to ensure correct performance and avoid injuries [4].

Tips for Integrating Physical Activity into Daily Routine

To achieve the maximum benefit from physical activity with ankylosing spondylitis, it is advised to follow these guidelines:

• Listen to your body: Stop any activity that causes sharp or unusual pain. You may need to modify exercises during periods of symptom flare-ups [2].
• Consistency: Regular physical activity, even if performed for short periods, is better than doing it intermittently [4].
• Correct Posture: Maintain good posture during exercise and daily activities. Sleeping on your back can help maintain a natural spinal position [2].
• Work with a Specialist: A physical therapist can design a customized exercise program that meets your individual needs and helps you learn correct techniques [4].

When to Consult a Physician?

It is important to contact your doctor if you experience any new symptoms or a worsening of existing symptoms while performing physical activity, such as increased pain, swelling, or difficulty breathing [2]. Your doctor can help you adjust your treatment plan or exercise program to ensure your safety and the effectiveness of the treatment. For more information about managing advanced symptoms and the impact of ankylosing spondylitis on daily life, you can visit Ankylosing Spondylitis: Managing Advanced Symptoms and its Impact on Daily Life (Arabic).

Medical references

• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Ankylosing spondylitis - Treatment - NHS
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Ankylosing spondylitis