What does a positive HPV test result mean while having a normal Pap smear?
If an HPV (human papillomavirus) test result is positive while the Pap smear (Pap test) result is normal, it means that the test has detected the presence of high-risk types of HPV in the cervical cells, but the Pap smear has not shown any abnormal or cancerous cellular changes at this time [3]. This does not necessarily mean cancer is present; rather, it indicates a need for follow-up because high-risk HPV can lead to cellular changes that may progress to cervical cancer over time if not treated [1].
Understanding Combined Screening Results
Cervical cancer screening is an important part of routine healthcare and usually includes a Pap smear, an HPV test, or a cotest that combines both [1]. A Pap smear checks for abnormal cells in the cervix, while the HPV test looks for types of the virus that can cause cancer [2]. When the HPV test is positive and the Pap smear is normal, it indicates that the body may be infected with high-risk HPV, but the cells have not yet been affected in a way that can be detected by a Pap smear [3].
Recommended Follow-up Steps
The next steps depend on several factors, including age, health history, and previous test results [3]. The doctor may recommend repeating the HPV test or a cotest (HPV/Pap) after one or three years to monitor whether the infection has cleared on its own or if any cellular changes have begun to appear [3]. In some cases, a colposcopy with a biopsy may be recommended if there are additional risk factors or if the positive HPV test result persists for a long period [3].
Importance of Periodic Follow-up
It is very important to adhere to the follow-up plan determined by your doctor. HPV infection can remain latent for years before becoming active again [3]. Early detection of any abnormal cellular changes allows for therapeutic intervention before they progress to cervical cancer [1]. You can learn more about the importance of early cervical cancer screening by visiting Cervical Cancer Screening: Pap Smear and HPV Test (Arabic).
When Should You Be Concerned?
A positive HPV result with a normal Pap smear does not immediately mean cancer is present, but it does require attention and follow-up. You should be concerned if repeated tests show the continued presence of high-risk HPV, or if the Pap smear begins to show abnormal cellular changes in subsequent tests [3]. In these cases, more detailed diagnostic and treatment procedures may be needed to prevent the development of cancer [3].
Medical references
Cite this answer
ClinicsJo Editorial Team. What does a positive HPV test result mean while having a normal Pap smear? (Sep 13, 2026).
https://clinicsjo.com/en/faq/what-does-a-positive-hpv-test-with-a-normal-pap-smear-mean#answerRead the text version with referencesHow to use medical information