What happens if a prosthetic limb does not fit properly?

If a prosthetic limb does not fit correctly, it can lead to discomfort and pain in the residual limb, as well as skin irritation. Because the body changes constantly, prosthetics require periodic adjustments to ensure fit and effectiveness [3].

Prosthetics are intended to improve the quality of life for individuals who have undergone limb amputation by providing mobility and independence [1]. However, effective and comfortable use of a prosthetic limb depends heavily on its proper fit with the residual limb.

Signs of a Poorly Fitting Prosthetic

It is important to pay attention to signs that may indicate a prosthetic limb is no longer fitting correctly. These signs may include:

• Pain or discomfort: A feeling of persistent or increasing pain in the residual limb, especially while using the prosthetic [4]. Residual limb pain can result from friction or sores where the prosthetic contacts the skin [4].
• Skin irritation: Signs of irritation, such as redness or sores, may appear on the skin in the area of contact with the prosthetic [4].
• Swelling: Observing swelling (edema) in the residual limb after surgery, which is normal and may continue after discharge from the hospital [4]. The use of compression garments helps reduce swelling and shape the residual limb [4].
• Instability: Feeling that the prosthetic limb is unstable or moving excessively while walking or standing.
• Difficulty moving: Encountering greater difficulty performing daily activities that were previously easy.

Reasons for Needing Prosthetic Adjustments

Prosthetic limbs change over time and may require continuous adjustments [3]. The size of the residual limb can change, which affects the fit of the prosthetic [3]. These changes are natural and may require ongoing modifications to the prosthetic to ensure it remains suitable and comfortable [3].

Importance of Ongoing Adjustments and Care

Because the body changes, prosthetics require ongoing adjustments [3]. It is essential to work closely with a prosthetist to perform periodic check-ups and necessary adjustments. A prosthetist can assess the current fit, make adjustments to liners or the socket, or even recommend a replacement if necessary. Ignoring signs of a poor fit can lead to worsening health issues and increased pain [4].

It is also important to maintain the cleanliness of the skin on the residual limb to reduce the risk of irritation or infection. The residual limb should be gently washed at least once daily with mild soap and warm water, then dried carefully [4]. If the skin becomes dry, a fragrance-free moisturizing cream can be used before bedtime or when the prosthetic is not being worn [4].

For comprehensive information on prosthetic selection and rehabilitation, you can visit Prosthetic Limbs: A Comprehensive Patient Guide to Selection, Rehabilitation, and Daily Life (Arabic).

When Should Medical Advice Be Sought?

You should contact your healthcare team for advice if you believe you may be developing a skin infection in the residual limb [4]. Potential signs of infection include skin that is warm, red, and painful to the touch, or the drainage of fluid or pus [4].

Medical references

• Paralympic snowboarder Amy Purdy isn’t slowing down
• Prosthetics through the ages
• Amputation - NHS