What eating disorders affect teenagers, and when is help needed?
Eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia, binge-eating disorder and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. They affect different genders and body sizes; a normal-range weight does not rule out danger. Early medical, psychological and nutritional assessment matters.
Details
Signs to notice
Possible signs include restriction, avoiding many foods, intense weight-gain fears, loss-of-control eating, self-induced vomiting or compulsive exercise. In avoidant/restrictive intake disorder, sensory difficulties or fear of choking may restrict intake without body-image concerns.
Start a supportive conversation
Focus on health, fatigue and feelings rather than weight comments or blame. Arrange assessment even if the problem is minimised, respecting privacy and involving family appropriately. Family-focused treatments may help selected conditions.
Urgent warning signs
Fainting, chest pain, abnormal heartbeat, dehydration or inability to eat or drink needs urgent assessment. Restoring nutrition after severe malnutrition requires medical planning because of electrolyte risks. Self-harm risk requires emergency support.
Related reading: Is online psychotherapy effective, and how do I choose a service?.