Can corticosteroids be used during pregnancy?

Systemic corticosteroids can be used during pregnancy if recommended by a physician, and they are often considered among the safest options for treating autoimmune diseases and acute inflammation that could cause serious complications if left untreated [3]. The therapeutic decision is made by weighing the critical medical need for the mother against potential risks, as these medications aim to prevent the worsening of symptoms that could negatively impact the health of both the mother and fetus [3].

Indications for Use and Clinical Benefits During Pregnancy

Corticosteroids (such as prednisolone, hydrocortisone, and dexamethasone) are used to manage conditions characterized by severe inflammation, such as asthma, chronic skin conditions, and certain autoimmune diseases [1]. Additionally, these medications may be administered as injections to women showing signs of preterm labor to accelerate fetal lung maturation and reduce the likelihood of the need for breathing assistance after birth [3]. Effective control of these inflammatory diseases contributes to reducing certain pregnancy-related risks, such as miscarriage or low birth weight resulting from maternal health instability [3].

Potential Risks and Medical Monitoring

Despite their effectiveness, the use of corticosteroids is associated with certain precautions. Some studies have indicated a potential slight association between the use of these medications in early pregnancy and an increased chance of cleft lip or palate in newborns; however, the vast majority of fetuses exposed to these medications in utero are born without these defects [3]. Furthermore, these medications may be linked to an increased chance of preterm birth, although it is difficult to separate this effect from the underlying inflammatory condition that may cause preterm birth in itself [3]. Close medical monitoring remains essential, with detailed fetal assessments, such as the anomaly scan at twenty weeks, performed to ensure healthy development [3].

Practical Recommendations for Pregnant Women

If you are taking corticosteroids, it is strictly necessary not to change the dose or discontinue treatment abruptly without consulting your physician, as sudden cessation may lead to the forceful return of inflammatory symptoms [3]. A woman planning to become pregnant or who is already pregnant must consult her specialist doctor to evaluate the appropriate medication and the continuity of the treatment plan. Regular monitoring options are also available to ensure your safety and that of your fetus during this period [3]. For more information on the general side effects of this drug class and mechanisms for safe withdrawal, you can read our specialized article on Corticosteroids: When to Use, Side Effects, and How to Stop Safely? (Arabic).

When Should You Contact a Doctor?

If you notice a worsening of your chronic condition symptoms, or if you experience any unusual symptoms, you should contact your healthcare team immediately. It is also always recommended to discuss any concerns regarding medications with your doctor or the responsible pharmacist to ensure decisions appropriate for your specific health situation are made during pregnancy [3]. Adherence to clinical follow-up is the best guarantee for handling any potential risks associated with medication use or the medical condition itself [3].

Medical references

• Corticosteroids - systemic
• Steroids