Are there lifestyle changes or vitamins that help slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration?

Yes, certain lifestyle changes and dietary supplements can play a role in slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), especially in intermediate stages. These changes include quitting smoking, regular physical activity, maintaining healthy blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and following a diet rich in leafy greens and fish. For individuals with intermediate AMD in one or both eyes, or late AMD in one eye, specific dietary supplements may help slow disease progression.

Lifestyle Changes to Support Eye Health

Certain healthy habits contribute to reducing the risk of AMD or slowing the resulting vision loss. Key among these is quitting smoking, as smoking is a major risk factor for the development of AMD [1]. Regular physical activity and maintaining healthy blood pressure and cholesterol levels can also have a positive impact [1]. It is also recommended to follow a healthy diet that includes green leafy vegetables and fish [1].

The Role of Nutrition and Vitamins

Studies have shown that consuming a diet rich in dark leafy vegetables, fruits, yellow vegetables, and fish can be beneficial for people with AMD [2]. These foods provide the essential nutrients that support eye health.

AREDS Nutritional Supplements

For people with intermediate AMD in one or both eyes, or late AMD in one eye, special dietary supplements known as AREDS2 supplements may be recommended [2]. Major clinical studies have shown that these supplements may slow the progression of dry AMD from intermediate to advanced stages [3]. The AREDS2 formula typically includes vitamin C (500 mg), vitamin E (400 IU), lutein (10 mg), zeaxanthin (2 mg), zinc (80 mg), and copper (2 mg) [2]. It is important to consult an ophthalmologist to determine if these supplements are appropriate for your condition, as not all forms of AMD benefit from them [2]. Smokers should avoid beta-carotene because it increases the risk of lung cancer [2].

Importance of Regular Examinations and Vision Monitoring

Even with a healthy lifestyle and the use of supplements, it is essential to undergo regular, dilated eye exams to detect any changes in vision [1]. AMD in its early stages may not cause any noticeable symptoms [1]. Your ophthalmologist can monitor the condition of your eyes and advise you on the best treatment plan. If you notice any sudden changes in your vision, such as straight lines appearing wavy or blurry areas in the center of your vision, you should visit an ophthalmologist immediately [1]. For more information on age-related macular degeneration, you can visit Age-related macular degeneration: Protecting vision (Arabic).

Medical references

• Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
• What Is Macular Degeneration?
• Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS/AREDS2)